1. Introduction and objectives

2. Contextual issues

2.1 Literature overview

2.2 Discrepancies in emission requirements across individual Acts and Ordinances

3. Characteristics of flue gas treatmen

3.1 Flue gas treatment systems and components

3.2 System classification and description

3.2.1 Conditioned dry sorption with calcium hydroxide, SNCR system (V1)
3.2.2 Conditioned dry sorption with calcium hydroxide, SCR system (V2)
3.2.3 Conditioned dry sorption with calcium hydroxide, downstream scrubber, SNCR system (V3)
3.2.4 Two-stage dry sorption with calcium hydroxide and bicarbonate, SCR system (V4)
3.2.5 Two-stage scrubber with spray dryer, fabric filter, SNCR system (V5)
3.2.6 Two-stage scrubber with spray dryer, fabric filter, SCR system (V6)
3.2.7 Energy-optimized conditioned dry sorption with calcium hydroxide, SNCR system (V1‘)
3.2.8 Energy-optimized conditioned dry sorption with calcium hydroxide, downstream scrubber, SNCR system (V3‘)

4 Energy demand in flue gas treatment

4.1 Inventory analysis structure

4.2 Cumulative energy demand for the production of flue gas treatment systems

4.2.1 Methodology for ascertaining the CEDP
4.2.2 CEDP for different flue gas treatment systems

4.3 Cumulative energy demand for the production/use of flue gas treatment systems

4.3.1 Examination of energy demand dependencies
4.3.2 Methodology for ascertaining the CEDU
4.3.3 CEDU for different flue gas treatment systems

4.4 Cumulative energy demand for the disposal of flue gas treatment systems

4.4.1 Methodology for ascertaining the CEDD
4.4.2 CEDD for different flue gas treatment systems

4.5 Total cumulative energy demand for flue gas treatment systems

5 Ascertainment of emissions-related energy indicators

5.1 Emissions-related energy indicators

5.2 Energy equivalent emission factors

6 Discussion of results

6.1 Cumulative energy demand for production and disposal

6.2 Cumulative energy demand for use phase

6.3 Energy balance for different gaseous pollutant loads

6.4 Energy indicators

6.4.1 K-plant technology indicator
6.4.2 K-additive indicator
6.4.3 K-operation indicator

6.5 Energy-equivalent emission factors

6.6 Conclusion

7 Summary

8 References

9 List of symbols

10 Appendix

10.1 Mass and energy balance for ascertainment of CEDP

10.2 Process parameters for CEDU inventory analysis

10.3 Mass and energy balance for ascertainment of CEDU

10.4 Mass and energy balance for ascertainment of CEDD